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日粮中添加胆汁酸对肉鸡生产性能、胴体特征、血清脂质代谢物和肠道酶活性的影响

Effects of dietary supplemental bile acids on performance, carcass characteristics, serum lipid metabolites and intestinal enzyme activities of broiler chickens

作者：Wenqing Lai, Weigang Huang, Bing Dong, Aizhi Cao, Wenjuan Zhang, Juntao Li, Hui Wu, Liying Zhang.

发布期刊：Poultry Science. 2018 Jan 1;97(1):196-202.

本研究的目标是评估来源于家禽的胆汁酸对肉鸡生长性能、胴体特征、血清脂质代谢物和肠道酶活性的影响。将432只1日龄的AA雄性肉鸡随机分为4个处理组，每组6个重复，每个重复18只鸡，饲喂为期42天的日粮。处理组饲喂含有猪油的玉米-豆粕基础日粮，胆汁酸的添加量分别为：0 mg/kg (对照组)、40 mg/kg、60mg/kg和80mg/kg。饲喂添加胆汁酸的日粮，显著增加了21至42日龄的平均日增重，降低了料重比（P < 0.01）。然而，饲喂添加胆汁酸的日粮对采食量未见影响。饲喂添加60 mg/kg和80 mg/kg胆汁酸的日粮，明显提高了肉鸡的屠宰率和腿肌率（P < 0.01），显著降低了腹脂率（P < 0.01）。在42日龄的肉鸡中，血清甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白浓度未受胆汁酸补充的影响（P > 0.05）。饲喂添加60/kg和80/kg胆汁酸的日粮，显著增加了十二指肠脂肪酶和脂蛋白脂酶的活性，并降低了激素敏感脂肪酶的活性（第21和第42日龄）。综上所述：饲喂添加60 mg和80mg/kg胆汁酸的日粮，能有效增强肠道脂肪酶和脂蛋白脂酶的活性，改善肉鸡的生长性能和胴体品质。

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of bile acids derived from swine on the growth performance, carcass traits, serum lipid metabolites and intestinal enzyme activities in broiler chickens. Four hundred thirty-two 1-day-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks each for 42 d. The experimental treatments received a corn-soybean basal diet containing lard and were as follows: 0 (control), 40 mg, 60 mg, and 80 mg bile acids/kg of diet. Dietary of inclusion bile acids significantly increased average daily gain and decreased feed to gain ratio from d 21 to d 42 (P < 0.01). However, average daily feed intake was unaffected by dietary supplementation with bile acids. The dressing percentage and the percentage of thigh muscle in the carcass were notably (P < 0.01) higher for broilers fed diets supplemented with 60 and 80 mg/kg bile acids. In contrast, abdominal fat weight was reduced significantly (P < 0.01). In 42-day-old broilers, serum triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein concentrations were unaffected (P > 0.05) by bile acids supplementation. Supplementation with 60 and 80 mg/kg significantly increased the activity of duodenum lipase and lipoprotein lipase on d 21 and d 42, as well as decreased the activity of hormone sensitive lipase on d 42. Supplementation of diets with 60 and 80 mg/kg of bile acid can effectively enhance the activity of intestinal lipase and lipoprotein lipase and improve growth performance and carcass traits of broilers.

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