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饲料中添加胆汁酸对高脂日粮喂养的大黄鱼幼鱼生长性能、胴体组成、抗氧化反应及脂质代谢相关基因的表达的影响

Effect of dietary bile acid (BA) on the growth performance, body composition, antioxidant responses and expression of lipid metabolism-related genes of juvenile large yellow croaker ( Larimichthys crocea ) fed high-lipid diets

作者：Ding Tao, Ning Xu, Yongtao Liu, Jianlong Du, Xiaojun Xiang, Dan Xu, Qiangde Liu, Zhaoyang Yin, Jinbao Li, Kangsen Mai, Qinghui Ai.

发布期刊：Aquaculture, 2020, 518.

本研究旨在探讨饲料中添加胆汁酸对大黄鱼（平均体重12.00±0.20 g）生长性能、胴体组成、抗氧化反应以及脂质代谢相关基因表达的影响。将含4.0%鱼油+4.0%大豆油的饵料设为正对照组，含6.5%鱼油+6.5%大豆油的高脂饵料设为负对照组。其它3种饵料在负对照组基础上分别添加150、300和450 mg/kg的胆汁酸。结果显示，大黄鱼的存活率在不同饵料处理间无显著差异（P > 0.05）。与正对照组相比，负对照组在最终体重和增重率上未见显著差异。随着饵料中胆汁酸添加量的增加，最终体重和增重率逐渐增加。与负对照组相比，300 mg/kg 胆汁酸添加组，大黄鱼最终体重和增重率显著增加（P <0 .05）。肝脏脂肪和丙二醛含量，随着饵料中胆汁酸添加量的增加而显著降低（P < 0.05）。在饲喂含300-450 mg/kg 胆汁酸饵料的大黄鱼，脂蛋白脂酶和肝脂酶的活性显著增加（P < 0.05）。肝脏中的类固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1（SREBP-1）mRNA表达水平随饵料中胆汁酸的增加而显著降低（P < 0.05）。此外，胆汁酸的添加量从150 mg/kg增加到450 mg/kg，显著提高了肝脏中过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α（PPARα）、肉碱棕榈酰转移酶1（CPT1）和酰基辅酶A氧化酶（ACO）的mRNA转录水平（P <0 .05）。这些结果表明，日粮中补充胆汁酸，提高了大黄鱼对脂类的消化和吸收能力，进而改善大黄鱼的生长性能。

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary bile acid (BA) on the growth performance, body composition, antioxidant responses and expression of lipid metabolism-related genes of juvenile large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) (average weight, 12.00 ± 0.20 g). An optimal lipid diet formulated with 4.0% fish oil and 4.0% soybean oil was set as the positive control diet (MO), while a high-lipid diet formulated with 6.5% fish oil and 6.5% soybean oil was used as the negative control diet (HO). The other three diets were supplemented with 150 (HOB150), 300 (HOB300) and 450 mg/kg (HOB450) BA on the basis of the negative control diet. The results showed that the survival rate (SR) was not significantly different among dietary treatments (P > 0. 05). Compared with the positive control, there were no significant differences in final body weight (FBW) and weight gain rate (WGR) among fish fed diets with high lipid contents. With increasing supplementation of BA in diets, the FBW and WGR gradually increased. Compared with the negative control, fish fed the diet with 300 mg/kg BA had significantly higher FBW and WGR (P < .05). The liver lipid content and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) content significantly decreased with increasing dietary BA (P < .05). In fish fed diets with 300 mg/kg-450 mg/kg BA, the activities of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) were significantly increased (P < .05). The sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) mRNA expression levels in the liver significantly decreased with increasing dietary BA (P < .05). Furthermore, increasing dietary BA from 150 mg/kg to 450 mg/kg significantly improved the mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) and acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO) in the liver (P < .05). These results suggested that dietary BA supplementation could improve the digestion and absorption capacity of lipids, which might be the reason for the improvement in the growth performance of large yellow croaker.

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